The Coriolis effect:  Melvin 1 and Melvin 2 are playing catch on a spinning platform (rotating reference frame).  When Melvin 1 throws the ball directly at Melvin 2, the ball follows a straight (horizontal plane) parabolic (vertical plane) path according to Newton's laws of motion and gravity.  However, from the point of view of Melvin 1 and Melvin 2 relative to their rotating reference frame the ball seems to veer to the right of its direction of motion as if an unknown force was pushing it.  There is no physical force on the ball causing it to veer to the right, its apparent acceleration relative to the platform is caused by the acceleration of the platform (reference frame) itself.

This simple example corresponds to the situation in the northern hemisphere of a spinning planet.  Objects traveling long distance across the surface will veer to the right of their direction of motion.  In the southern hemisphere the same effect causes objects to veer to the left.  The effect is more pronounced the larger the radius and the faster the spin of the planet.